Agata Kaczmarek, MSc


Recent publications
1.Kaczmarek A., Wisniewska A., Mościcki T. P., Hoffman J., The Luminescence of Laser-Produced Carbon Nanodots: The Effect of Aggregation in PEI Solution, Materials, ISSN: 1996-1944, DOI: 10.3390/ma17071573, Vol.17, No.7, pp.1-15, 2024
Abstract:

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) produced in pure water by the ablation of graphite with a nanosecond laser pulse exhibit weak photoluminescence. A small addition of polyethyleneimine (PEI) to the aqueous suspension of CNDs causes a significant increase in emissions. This paper presents experimental and theoretical studies of the emission properties of CND/PEI systems. The obtained CNDs responded to even trace amounts of PEI in solution (~0.014% v/v), resulting in a significant increase in the initial weak blue emission of CNDs and PEI taken separately. Morphology and size measurements showed that particle aggregation occurred in the presence of the polymer. A decrease in the calculated Stokes shift values was observed with increasing PEI content in the solution. This indicates a reduction in the number of non-radiative transitions, which explains the increase in the emission intensity of the CND/PEI systems. These results therefore confirmed that the increase in the emission of CND/PEI systems is caused by particle aggregation. Kinetic studies proved that the process is controlled mainly by diffusion, the initial stage of which has a dominant influence on determining the optical properties of the system.

Keywords:

aggregation-induced emission, carbon nanodots, polyethyleneimine, intrinsic fluorescence, adsorption kinetic study

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Wisniewska A.-other affiliation
Mościcki T. P.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
2.Krajewski M., Kaczmarek A., Tokarczyk M., Lewińska S., Włoczewski M., Bochenek K., Jarząbek D., Mościcki T., Hoffman J., Ślawska-Waniewska A., Laser-Assisted Growth of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Films on Silicon Substrate in Open Air, physica status solidi (a), ISSN: 1862-6319, DOI: 10.1002/pssa.202200786, No.2200786, pp.1-5, 2023
Abstract:

This work presents a growth of Fe3O4 nanoparticle films on silicon substrate. The iron oxide is deposited applying a pulsed laser deposition technique. The process is performed in open air in the absence and presence of external magnetic field. In fact, the morphologies of the obtained Fe3O4–Si samples are similar. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles are spherical with average diameters of 30 nm and are densely agglomerated on the Si substrate. The Fe3O4–Si material prepared in the absence of magnetic field has revealed more intense signals during X-ray diffraction and Raman measurements. The magnetic investigations indicate that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles are significantly coupled with the Si substrate and do not exhibit superparamagnetic behavior. Moreover, the Verwey transition is 98 K for both investigated Fe3O4–Si samples.

Keywords:

Fe3O4 nanoparticles,magnetic materials,pulsed laser deposition

Affiliations:
Krajewski M.-IPPT PAN
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Tokarczyk M.-University of Warsaw (PL)
Lewińska S.-Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Włoczewski M.-other affiliation
Bochenek K.-IPPT PAN
Jarząbek D.-IPPT PAN
Mościcki T.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
Ślawska-Waniewska A.-other affiliation
3.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., The best conditions for the nucleation of carbon nanoparticles in laser-induced plasma, NANOTECHNOLOGY, ISSN: 0957-4484, DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac71b4, Vol.33, No.35, pp.355602-1-11, 2022
Abstract:

Despite the existence of many more efficient methods of producing carbon nanoparticles, ablation of a carbon target by a laser pulse remains important. It enables studying the bare properties of nanoparticles, not contaminated with reagents or reaction products. The present work analyses the mechanisms of nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in carbon vapours generated during ablation of graphite with a nanosecond laser pulse. The role of both the homogeneous and the heterogeneous (ions) nucleation was investigated, defining the areas of their occurrence. It has been shown that the most favourable conditions are high pressure of the order 1 GPa and relatively low temperature of about 15 000 K. Such conditions are obtainable when ablation occurs in a liquid and the fluence of the laser pulse is low, exceeding the ablation threshold about 2.7 times only. The resulting nanoparticles are relatively homogeneous and have a diameter of approximately 2.5–5 nm.

Keywords:

laser ablation in liquids, nucleation, plasma expansion, laser produced plasma

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
4.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., Morgiel J., Mościcki T., Stobiński L., Szymański Z., Małolepszy A., Luminescent carbon dots synthesized by the laser ablation of graphite in polyethylenimine and ethylenediamine, Materials, ISSN: 1996-1944, DOI: 10.3390/ma14040729, Vol.14, No.4, pp.729-1-13, 2021
Abstract:

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) are still interesting materials due to their possible applications. However, unlike CDs produced by the hydrothermal method, CDs produced the synthesis products by the PLAL method were never separated by dialysis, which differentiates the synthesis products and allows the identification of the main source of fluorescence. In this work, the synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) was performed by nanosecond laser ablation of a graphite target immersed in polyethyleneimine (PEI) and ethylenediamine (EDA), and the synthesis products were separated by dialysis. The results of optical measurements showed that the main source of luminescence of the obtained nanostructures are fluorescent particles or quasi-molecular fluorophores created in the ablation process. In the case of ablation in PEI, most of the produced molecular fluorophores are associated with carbogenic nanostructures, while in the case of EDA, free fluorescent molecules dominate.

Keywords:

carbon dots, photoluminescence, laser ablation

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
Morgiel J.-Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Mościcki T.-IPPT PAN
Stobiński L.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
Szymański Z.-IPPT PAN
Małolepszy A.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
5.Kaczmarek A., Denis P., Krajewski M., Mościcki T., Małolepszy A., Hoffman J., Improved laser ablation method for the production of luminescent carbon particles in liquids, Materials, ISSN: 1996-1944, DOI: 10.3390/ma14092365, Vol.14, No.9, pp.2365-1-17, 2021
Abstract:

An improved method for the production of luminescent carbon nanoparticles is proposed in this work. The new method overcomes the disadvantages of commonly used approaches. It involves two-stage laser ablation in water and in aqueous solutions, where the first stage is the laser ablation of a graphite target and the second is the shredding of particles produced in the first step. The two-stage method offers the optimization of the laser pulse fluence for the performance of each process. It was found that the two-stage process of laser ablation allows producing photoluminescent carbon structures in pure water. The additional reagent may be added either in the first or second stage. The first stage performed in pure water allows avoiding the contamination of the target. Moreover, it simplifies the identification of the origin of photoluminescence. Two synthesis routes for the preparation of carbon nanoparticles by the proposed method using pure water as well as urea aqueous solution are investigated. It was found that the use of urea as a reagent results in luminescence properties similar to those obtained with other more hazardous amine-based reagents. The influence of the synthesis approach and process parameters on the structural and luminescent properties of nanoparticles is also explored in this work.

Keywords:

pulsed laser ablation in liquid, carbon nanoparticles, photoluminescent particles

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Denis P.-IPPT PAN
Krajewski M.-IPPT PAN
Mościcki T.-IPPT PAN
Małolepszy A.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
6.Radziejewska J., Kaczmarek A., Mościcki T., Hoffman J., Temporal evolution of pressure generated by a nanosecond laser pulse used for assessment of adhesive strength of the tungsten–zirconium–borides coatings, Materials, ISSN: 1996-1944, DOI: 10.3390/ma14237111, Vol.14, No.23, pp.7111-1-13, 2021
Abstract:

The article presents theoretical and experimental study of shock waves induced by a nanosecond laser pulse. Generation of surface plasma pressure by ablation of the graphite absorption layer in water medium and shock wave formation were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The amplitude and temporal variation of the shock wave pressure was determined basing on a proposed hydrodynamic model of nanosecond laser ablation and experimentally verified with use of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric-film sensor. The determined pressure wave was used for examination of adhesive strength of tungsten–zirconium–boride coatings on steel substrate. The magnetron sputtered (MS) W–Zr–B coatings show good adhesion to the steel substrate. The obtained experimental results prove the correctness of the proposed model as well as the suitability of the procedure for assessment of adhesive strength.

Keywords:

laser pulse, shock wave, MS coatings, ternary borides, laser adhesion test

Affiliations:
Radziejewska J.-IPPT PAN
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Mościcki T.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN

Conference abstracts
1.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., Creation of pure and homogenous carbon nanoparticles from laser-induced carbon vapors, PLATHINIUM 2023, PLASMA THIN FILM INTERNATIONAL UNION MEETING, 2023-09-11/09-15, Antibes, French Riviera (FR), No.NANO-P2-029, pp.158-158, 2023
2.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., Study of the process of producing copper oxides nanoparticles by laser ablation in a liquid, EYEC'2022, 10th European Young Engineers Conference, 2022-04-04/04-06, Warszawa (PL), No.10.6, pp.89, 2022
3.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., On the formation of carbon nanoparticles in expanding laser-induced plasma, PLASMA TECH, Plasma Processing and Technology, 2022-04-27/04-29, Barcelona (ES), pp.45, 2022
Keywords:

nanoparticles, carbon dots, laser ablation, nucleation, ion-induced nucleation

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
4.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., Denis P., Mościcki T., Photoluminescence of carbon nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation in water and aqueous solutions of amine-based reagents, 2nd Advanced Materials Science World Congress 2021, 2021-06-14/06-15, Berlin (DE), pp.60, 2021
5.Kaczmarek A., Hoffman J., Okołowicz A., Małolepszy A., Photoluminescence properties of carbon nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation in water and aqueous solutions of amine-based reagents, EYEC-9, European Young Engineers Conference, 2021-04-19/04-21, Warszawa (PL), pp.12.7-172, 2021
Keywords:

pulsed laser ablation in liquids, carbon nanoparticles, optical properties

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
Okołowicz A.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
Małolepszy A.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
6.Kaczmarek A., Małolepszy A., Hoffman J., Chrzanowska-Giżyńska J., Błoński S., Szymański Z., Mościcki T., Functionalization of carbon nanodots in liquids using laser ablation method, CNM 2019, 6th CONFERENCE ON NANO- AND MICROMECHANICS, 2019-07-03/07-05, Rzeszów (PL), pp.1-3, 2019
Keywords:

carbon nanoparticles, C-dots, laser ablation in liquid, photoluminescence

Affiliations:
Kaczmarek A.-IPPT PAN
Małolepszy A.-Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
Hoffman J.-IPPT PAN
Chrzanowska-Giżyńska J.-IPPT PAN
Błoński S.-IPPT PAN
Szymański Z.-IPPT PAN
Mościcki T.-IPPT PAN