Institute of Fundamental Technological Research

Metal halide perovskites have rapidly emerged as a revolutionary frontier in materials science, catalyzing breakthroughs in energy storage technology. Originating as transformative entities in the field of solar cells, these perovskites have surpassed conventional boundaries. This comprehensive review embarks on a journey through the intriguing potentials of energy storage, driven by the exceptional properties of perovskite materials. We delve into three compelling facets of this evolving landscape: batteries, supercapacitors, and the seamless integration of solar cells with energy storage. In the realm of batteries, we introduce the utilization of perovskites, with a specific focus on both lead and lead-free halide perovskites for conciseness. Leveraging superior electrical properties such as high ionic conductivity (ranging from 10−3 to 10−4 Scm−1 for Li-ion) and diverse structural dimensions coupled with remarkable diffusion coefficients (2.68 × 10−8 cm2s−1 and 3.63 × 10−9 cm2s−1) for Chloride and Iodide-based halide perovskites, respectively, we explore the immense potential of perovskites as electrodes compared to other host materials such as layered oxide, carbon, etc., specifically for Al-ion, Zn-ion, and Li-ion batteries application, paving the way for the next generation of energy storage devices. In the domain of supercapacitors, we discuss the application of halide perovskites, highlighting both their advantages and limitations. We also provide a brief overview of the significant progress made in the supercapacitor domain using perovskite materials over the years. Additionally, we venture into unexplored territories, emphasizing the potential integration of solar cells and energy storage systems, delving into innovative concepts such as photo-accelerated capacitors/supercapacitors and photo-accelerated batteries. Importantly, we presented a detailed analysis of the impact of the perovskite composition on different energy storage applications. Ultimately, we outline the significant advantages, recognize the existing limitations, and stimulate imagination concerning the boundless future potential of halide perovskites in the energy storage domain, fostering a scientific and innovative perspective that contributes to the ongoing research and practical application of perovskite materials.

Metal halide perovskite, Energy storage, Battery, Supercapacitors, Perovskite solar cells-batteries

Carbon/graphene quantum dots are 0D fluorescent carbon materials with sizes ranging from 2 nm to around 50 nm, with some attractive properties and diverse applications. Different synthesis routes, bandgap variation, higher stability, low toxicity with tunable emission, and the variation of physical and chemical properties with change in size have drawn immense attention to its potential application in different optoelectronics-based materials, especially advanced light-emitting diodes and energy storage devices. WLEDs are a strong candidate for the future of solid-state lighting due to their higher luminance and luminous efficiency. High-performance batteries play an important part in terms of energy saving and storage. In this review article, the authors provide a comparative analysis of recent and ongoing advances in synthesis (top-down and bottom-up), properties, and wide applications in different kinds of next-generation light-emitting diodes such as WLEDs, and energy storage devices such as batteries (Li-B, Na-B) and supercapacitors. Furthermore, they discuss the potential applications and progress of carbon dots in battery applications such as electrode materials. The authors also summarise the developmental stages and challenges in the existing field, the state-of-the-art of carbon/graphene quantum dots, and the potential and possible solutions for the same.

carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, white-LED, supercapacitors, Na-ion batteries, Li-ion batteries