Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki

Streszczenie:

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition, caused by wide genetic, environmental, or immunologic factors. AD is very common in children but can occur at any age. The lack of long-term treatments forces the development of new strategies for skin regeneration. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a well-developed, tissue-compatible biomaterial showing also good mechanical properties. In our study, we designed the electrospun PCL patches with controlled architecture and topography for long-term release in time. Hemp oil shows anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, increasing also the skin moisture without clogging the pores. It can be used as an alternative cure for patients that do not respond to traditional treatments. In the study, we tested the mechanical properties of PCL fibers, and the hemp oil spreading together with the release in time measured on skin model and human skin. The PCL membranes are suitable material as patches or bandages, characterized by good mechanical properties and high permeability. Importantly, PCL patches showed release of hemp oil up to 55% within 6 h, increasing also the skin moisture up to 25%. Our results confirmed that electrospun PCL patches are great material as oil carriers indicating a high potential to be used as skin patches for AD skin treatment.

Słowa kluczowe:

PCL, electrospinning, fibers, tensile strength, hemp oil, skin patches, release, skin moisture, atopic dermatitis

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Streszczenie:

One of the most frequently applied polymers in regenerative medicine is polystyrene (PS), which is commonly used as a flat surface and requires surface modifications for cell culture study. Here, hierarchical composite meshes were fabricated via electrospinning PS with nylon 6 (PA6) to obtain enhanced cell proliferation, development, and integration with nondegradable polymer fibers. The biomimetic approach of designed meshes was verified with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and MTS assay up to 7 days of cell culture. In particular, adding PA6 nanofibers changes the fibroblast attachment to meshes and their development, which can be observed by cell flattening, filopodia formation, and spreading. The proposed single-step manufacturing of meshes controlled the surface properties and roughness of produced composites, allowing governing cell behavior. Within this study, we show the alternative engineering of nondegradable meshes without post-treatment steps, which can be used in various applications in regenerative medicine.

Słowa kluczowe:

polystyrene, nylon 6, electrospun fibers, composite mesh, proliferation, roughness

Afiliacje autorów:

Streszczenie:

The cellular response is the most crucial in vitro research. Materials' biocompatibility is determined based on cell proliferation and growth. Moreover, the topography of the scaffold surface is the key to enhance cell attachment and anchoring that importantly control further tissue development. Individual cell types have specific preferences regarding the type of surface and its geometry. In our research, we used poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydrovaleric acid) PHBV to produce two types of substrate: a 3D structure of electrospun fibers and 2D flat films. The PHBV products were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cytocompatibility was evaluated with cell viability and proliferation using two different types of cells: human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) and NIH 3 T3 murine fibroblast cells. The behaviour of both cell types was compared on the similar PHBV fiber scaffolds and films using two types of polystyrene (PS) based substrate for the cell culture study: unmodified PS that is not favourable for the attachment of cells and on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) plates, which are chemically modify to enhance cells attachment. The results clearly showed high biocompatibility of PHBV as both types of cells showed similar proliferation. These results indicated that PHBV scaffolds are suitable for the development of multifunctional substrates facilitating the growth of different types of tissue regardless of the 3D and 2D designed structures for regeneration purposes.

Słowa kluczowe:

PHBV, Fiber, Thin film, Osteoblast, Fibroblast, Cell, attachment

Afiliacje autorów:

Streszczenie:

Surface potential of biomaterials is a key factor regulating cell responses, driving their adhesion and signaling in tissue regeneration. In this study we compared the surface and zeta potential of smooth and porous electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers, as well as PCL films, to evaluate their significance in bone regeneration. The ’ surface potential of the fibers was controlled by applying positive and negative voltage polarities during the electrospinning. The surface properties of the different PCL fibers and films were measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), and the zeta potential was measured using the electrokinetic technique. The effect of surface potential on the morphology of bone cells was examined using advanced microcopy, including 3D reconstruction based on a scanning electron microscope with a focused ion beam (FIB-SEM). Initial cell adhesion and collagen formation were studied using fluorescence microscopy and Sirius Red assay respectively, while calcium mineralization was confirmed with energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) and Alzarin Red staining. These studies revealed that cell adhesion is driven by both the surface potential and morphology of PCL fibers. Furthermore, the ability to tune the surface potential of electrospun PCL scaffolds provides an essential electrostatic handle to enhance cell-material interaction and cellular activity, leading to controllable morphological changes.

Słowa kluczowe:

Surface potential, Kelvin probe force microscopy, Zeta potential, Cells, Adhesion, Mineralization

Afiliacje autorów:

Streszczenie:

Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a widespread disorder, with researchers constantly looking for more efficacious treatments. Natural oils are reported to be an effective therapy for dry skin, and medical textiles can be used as an alternative or supporting therapy. In this study, fibrous membranes from poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) (PVB) with low and high molecular weights were manufactured to obtain nano- and micrometer fibers via electrospinning for the designed patches used as oil carriers for atopic skin treatment. The biocompatibility of PVB patches was analyzed using proliferation tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which combined with a focused ion beam (FIB) allowed for the 3D visualization of patches. The oil spreading tests with evening primrose, black cumin seed, and borage were verified with cryo-SEM, which showed the advantage nanofibers have over microfibers as carriers for low-viscosity oils. The skin tests expressed the usability and the enhanced oil delivery performance for electrospun patches. We demonstrate that through the material nano- and microstructure, commercially available polymers such as PVB have great potential to be deployed as a biomaterial in medical applications, such as topical treatments for chronic skin conditions.

Słowa kluczowe:

PVB, electrospun fibers, biocompatibility, oil carriers, atopic skin patches

Afiliacje autorów:

Streszczenie:

Bone tissue engineering can be utilized to study the early events of osteoconduction. Fundamental research in cell adhesion to various geometries and proliferation has shown the potential of extending it to implantable devices for regenerative medicine. Following this concept in our studies, first, we developed well-controlled processing of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film to obtain a surface biomimicking ECM. We optimized the manufacturing dependent on humidity and temperature during spin-coating of a polymer solution. The mixture of solvents such as dimethylacetamide and acetone together with high humidity conditions led to a biomimetic, highly porous and rough surface, while with lower humidity and high temperatures drying allowed us to obtain a smooth and flat PVDF film. The roughness of the PVDF film was biofabricated and compared to smooth films in cell culture studies for adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts. The bioinspired roughness of our films enhanced the osteoblast adhesion by over 44%, and there was collagen formation already after 7 days of cell culturing that was proved via scanning electron microscopy observation, light microscopy imaging after Sirius Red staining, and proliferation test such as MTS. Cell development, via extended filopodia, formed profoundly on the rough PVDF surface, demonstrated the potential of the structural design of biomimetic surfaces to enhance further bone tissue regeneration.

Słowa kluczowe:

PVDF, film, roughness, cell, adhesion, collagen

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